The lonesome organ grinder cries
The silver saxophones say I should refuse you.”—American singer-songwriter and Nobel Literature laureate Bob Dylan, “I Want You,” from his Blonde on Blonde LP (1966)
A cultural "omniblog" covering matters literary as well as theatrical, musical, historical, cinematic(al), etc.
“How can you make sense of him? How would you define the indefinable or the unfathomable? What is there to say? Ancient Viking Soul? Master Builder of the Impossible? Patron poet of people who never quite fit in and don’t much care to? Moonshine Philosopher? Tumbleweed singer with a PhD? Red Bandana troubadour, braids like twin ropes lassoing eternity? What do you say about a guy who plays an old, battered guitar that he treats like it’s the last loyal dog in the universe? Cowboy apparition, writes songs with holes that you can crawl through to escape from something. Voice like a warm porchlight left on for wanderers who kissed goodbye too soon or stayed too long. I guess you can say all that. But it really doesn’t tell you a lot or explain anything about Willie. Personally speaking I’ve always known him to be kind, generous, tolerant and understanding of human feebleness, a benefactor, a father and a friend. He’s like the invisible air. He’s high and low. He’s in harmony with nature. And that’s what makes him Willie.”—Singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, on 92-year-old country-music legend Willie Nelson, quoted by Alex Abramovich, “Profiles: Last Highway: How Willie Nelson Sees America,” The New Yorker, Dec. 29, 2025 and Jan. 5, 2026 issue
(The
accompanying photo of Willie Nelson getting ready to perform at Farm Aid 2009
was taken by Larry Philpot.)
With lyrics taken from a sprawling, trippy Bob Dylan song and a jangling guitar sound like the Beatles, a recently assembled Southern California quintet, The Byrds, launched the folk-rock movement with “Mr. Tambourine Man,” which began its march up the pop charts in May 1965.
A month
later the tune hit #1—the only Dylan-penned tune ever to do so—and, as the
lead song and title track of their first album, turbocharging sales of that collection.
The term “folk rock” was coined specifically by journalist Eliot Siegel to account for what “Mr. Tambourine Man” sought to bring together: the depth and lyrical sophistication of folk music with the energy and backbeat of rock ‘n’ roll.
By the end
of the summer of 1965, record companies couldn’t rush musicians fast enough
into studios to capitalize on the new trend. (Tom Wilson was especially
influential, producing an electrified version of Simon and Garfunkel’s “The
Sound of Silence” that revived the duo’s partnership after their
underperforming debut, Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M.)
The
band—which formed only the year before when Chris Hillman and Michael Clarke
joined Jim (later Roger) McGuinn, David Crosby, and Gene Clark of The Jet Set—came
across the song via their producer and manager Jim Dickson, who had secured a
rough demo by Dylan and Ramblin’ Jack Elliott from Dylan’s manager, Albert
Grossman.
With
Crosby particularly opposed to recording the song, it took strenuous convincing
on the part of Dickson to bring the band around. In his 2020 memoir Time Between, Hillman remembered the producer’s clinching argument:
“You guys
need to go for substance and depth. Make records you can be proud of—records
that can hold up for all time. Are we making an artistic statement or just
going for a quick buck?”
Dickson
and the band had to figure out first, however, how to adapt this acoustic tune
to the rock ‘n’ roll market:
*They
switched from Dylan’s 2/4 time—more suitable for country/bluegrass—to a 4/4
groove;
*They
added electric guitars, including McGuinn on a twelve-string Rickenbacker also
used by the Searchers and the Beatles’ George Harrison;
*Though
the Byrds played on the rest of the album recorded to follow up on the single,
the only member to play an instrument on the single was McGuinn, as the famous
session ensemble The Wrecking Crew were brought in for the breakthrough single;
*In place
of Dylan’s idiosyncratic vocal, McGuinn aimed for a sweet spot between Dylan’s
and John Lennon’s, with Clark and Crosby layering in background harmonies, with
the result capturing “that angelic sound I’d heard when they were first
becoming familiar with each other’s voices,” noted Hillman.
*With FM
radio still a few years away, the group condensed Dylan’s four word- and
image-heavy verses down to one, to accommodate AM stations’ time limits of 2½-3
minutes for singles.
Dylan, for
one, was excited by the results of their three-hour January 20, 1965, studio
session with the song, exclaiming “Wow, man, you can even dance to that!” So,
too, was the preteen daughter of influential nightclub owner and talent agent Benny
Shapiro, whose enthusiasm persuaded her father to talk it up with prominent
figures in the music industry.
Eventually,
the Byrds’ demo brought to the band’s door Columbia Records, which offered a
deal for a couple of records that, if successful, would lead to an album. The
company then assigned producer Terry Melcher (son of Doris Day) to work on the
follow-ups.
With the
success of “Mr. Tambourine Man,” Los Angeles became “the main spawning ground
for folk rock,” according to a 1986 Rolling Stone article. Several
groups followed in the vein that The Byrds opened, including The Turtles, We
Five, The Lovin’ Spoonful, The Mamas and the Papas, Buffalo Springfield, and
Spanky and Our Gang, to name just a few.
Ironically,
The Byrds’ biggest impact may have registered on the songwriter whose work
helped jumpstart their careers: Dylan. It wasn’t only that, according to critic
David Fricke, the songwriter, “until then largely known as King Folk, suddenly
had the ear of an enormous teenage pop constituency.”
Furthermore,
hearing their version of “Mr. Tambourine Man” spurred him to record an electric
side for his next LP, Bringing It All Back Home. Later in 1965, at the
Newport Folk Festival, he would outrage folk purists by pursuing this experimentation
more intensively.
Perhaps
responding to criticism that they were too reliant on covers of Dylan and other
songwriters—and by the outspoken Crosby’s urging that they (and especially he)
should compose their own songs that would earn royalties—the Byrds, over the
next few years, increased the original content of their LPs.
Not
content with launching folk-rock, the group went on, through restless
innovation and personnel changes, to pioneer, through their own compositions,
other musical genres through the late Sixties: psychedelic rock (through “Eight
Miles High,” an account of a disastrous trip to Britain that many interpreted
as laden with drug references) and country rock (Sweetheart of the Radio, featuring
Hillman’s friend Gram Parsons).
For years, I wished that The Byrds had recorded “Mr. Tambourine Man” beyond their abbreviated, AM-oriented version. Then, in 1990, I was delighted to find that the briefly reunited McGuinn, Crosby, and Hillman had included such a longer version at a Roy Orbison tribute concert featured on the group’s 1990 career-spanning 4-CD box, The Byrds.
You can watch that
performance—featuring a surprise appearance by Dylan himself—in this YouTube clip.
“Chloe had red gold hair, hazel eyes, an illegible smile, face like a doll and an even better figure, fingernails painted black. She worked as a hat-check girl at the Egyptian Gardens, a belly-dancing dinner place on 8th Avenue; also posed as a model for Cavalier magazine. ‘I’ve always worked,’ she said….Chloe had her own primitive way of looking at things, always would say mad stuff that clicked in a cryptic way, told me once that I should wear eyeshadow because it keeps away the evil eye. I asked her whose evil eye and she said ‘Joe Blow’s or Joe Schmoe’s.’ According to her, Dracula ruled the world and he’s the son of Gutenberg, the guy who invented the printing press. Being an heir of the ’40s and ’50s cultures, this kind of talk was fine with me. Gutenberg could have been some guy who stepped out of a folk song, too.”—American singer-songwriter and Nobel Literature laureate Bob Dylan, Chronicles, Volume One (2004)
“[M]usic… is of a time but also timeless; a thing with which to make memories and the memory itself. Though we seldom consider it, music is built in time as surely as a sculptor or welder works in physical space. Music transcends time by living within it.”—American singer-songwriter—and Nobel Literature laureate—Bob Dylan, The Philosophy of Modern Song (2022)
May 28, 1971—The LP Every Picture Tells a Story primarily featured song covers, but it was a tune co-written by Rod Stewart—one that he considered leaving off the finished product—that propelled the 26-year-old to solo superstardom, after stints with the Hoochie Coochie Men, Steampacket, the Jeff Beck Group and The Faces.
As he had done with his solo studio album from the
prior year, Gasoline Alley, Stewart included a composition by Bob Dylan, “Tomorrow is a Long Time,” on this new 10-song Mercury collection.
But the influence of Dylan may have been more
strongly, if unconsciously, absorbed when the working-class son of a North
London plumber let his creativity flow on what became the album’s monster hit,
“Maggie May.”
Recalling why he had reservations about including this
song that he had recorded rapidly in the studio, Stewart remembered in his 2012
autobiography, Rod:
“It didn’t have a chorus. It just had these rambling
verses. It didn’t really have a hook. How could you hope to have a hit single
with a song that was all verse and no chorus and no hook? And it went on a bit:
it was more than five minutes long, for God's sake, which was pretty much
operatic by the standards of the pop single."
Perhaps he “should have known from listening to Bob
Dylan,” Stewart reasoned, that “the lack of a catchy phrase in the middle,” not
to mention a song exceeding the average length of a single, was not necessarily
an impediment to significant radio time. (Indeed, see "Positively 4th Street"
and “Subterranean Homesick Blues.”)
Nor was Stewart’s raspy voice an obstacle to success:
Dylan’s vocals, likened to “a dog with his leg caught in barbed wire” by an
unnamed Missouri folk singer cited by critic Nat Hentoff, had already proven
that unconventional sounds could be tolerated if they were also expressive and
evocative. Similarly, in the counterculture’s periodical bible, Rolling
Stone, John Mendelsohn, reviewing the album, wrote that Stewart possessed “the
most unique male voice in rock, a voice anyone could recognize instantly at five
hundred paces through a Dixie cup….He’s got soul to spare.”
To Stewart’s surprise and delight, then, an American
DJ (“allegedly in Cleveland, Ohio”) went with playing “Maggie May” rather than
the designated single, a cover of Tim Hardin’s “Reason to Believe.” It peaked
at #1 on the Billboard U.S. singles chart in early October 1971.
I wonder, though, if there might have been another
reason for Stewart’s initial hesitancy about releasing “Maggie May?” I was
surprised to learn from Rod that, when recording the vocals on
his own compositions, he has sometimes felt so vulnerable over revealing his
feelings that he has the studio emptied out “of everyone except the
engineer—the producer at a push.”
There could hardly be a more personal song than “Maggie
May,” his semi-autobiographical memory of losing virginity at age 15 in the
summer of 1961 at the Bealieu Jazz Festival to “an older (and larger) woman”
who propositioned him in the beer tent.
It’s hard to believe that the randy rooster who has
undoubtedly scored with the ladies in virtually every stop on his world tours
could feel this way. But who are we to argue?
The album also conveyed Stewart’s bone-deep appreciation
for blues, soul and folk. Produced by Stewart himself, it exhibited a raw,
go-for-it quality that crackles with energy, especially on the title track, the
singer’s episodic tale of careening across Europe as a teenager and what he
learned from the opposite sex—a kind of Tom Jones for the age of rock ‘n’ roll.
“That whole album was done in 10 days, two weeks,
about as long as it takes to get a drum sound right nowadays," Stewart
recalled in an interview for Mojo Magazine in 1995. He trusted his backup
musicians—guitarist Ron Wood, pianist Pete Sears, and fiddler Dick Powell—and they
delivered to a man, perhaps none more so than acoustic guitarist Martin
Quittenton, who not only co-wrote “Maggie May” with Stewart but contributed its
memorable, and ultimately exhilarating, mandolin sound.
In the years since, Stewart has sometimes been maddeningly unmindful of his gifts, whether through roosterish posturing on “Hot Legs” and “Do
Ya Think I’m Sexy?” or his early-millennium ill-advised turn towards “The Great
American Songbook.”
But Every Picture Tells a Story demonstrates
why fans on both sides of the Atlantic embraced him so ardently near the
beginning of his journey. Or, as he put it in his ruminating 2012 song, “Can’t
Stop Me Now”:
“If I’m here at eighty, I’ll be doing the same thing I’m doing now. This is all I want to do – it’s all I can do . . . I think I’ve always aimed my songs at people who I imagined – maybe falsely so – had the same experiences that I’ve had, who have kind of been through what I’d been through. But I guess a lot of people just haven’t.
“See, I’ve always been just about being an individual,
with an individual point of view. If I’ve been about anything, it’s probably
that, and to let some people know that it’s possible to do the impossible.
“And that’s really all. If I’ve ever had anything to
tell anybody, it’s that you can do the impossible. Anything is possible. And
that’s it. No more.”—American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan quoted in Mikal Gilmore,
“Bob Dylan at Fifty,” Rolling Stone, May 30, 1991
Bob Dylan may have spoken of being 80 in this
interview with Mikal Gilmore, but there surely must have been times when he
wondered if he would make it, especially with the brush with mortality that
produced his 1997 CD, Time Out of Mind.
Many of us who have listened to the composer of “Forever
Young” find it hard to imagine him at such a stage in his life. A poet of the
counterculture for nearly as long as baby boomers can remember, he has seen
that fringe movement transform into part of the cultural mainstream.
Too bad that Dylan couldn't have paused more often in the
“Never-Ending Tour” of live appearances that has ruined his voice to such an extent that it has often hopelessly garbled the
delivery of his own lyrics.
But then again, Dylan’s always been about overturning
expectations. No sooner had he been labeled “the voice of his generation” than
he began to experiment with one genre after another, often trying fans’
patience and loyalty.
For all of these sometimes whiplash-inducing changes
in tone, Dylan has remained, Gilmore wrote in Night Beat: A Shadow History
of Rock ‘n’ Roll (1998), “a man who isn’t aiming to change the world so
much as he’s simply trying to find a way to abide all the heartbreaks and disillusion that
result from living in a morally centerless time.”
“[G]ospel news is exemplary. It can give you courage. You can pace your life accordingly, or try to, anyway. And you can do it with honor and principles. There are theories of truth in gospel but to most people it’s unimportant. Their lives are lived out too fast. Too many bad influences. Sex and politics and murder is the way to go if you want to get people’s attention. It excites us, that’s our problem.”—American singer-songwriter—and Nobel Literature laureate—Bob Dylan quoted in Douglas Brinkley, “Still Painting His Masterpieces,” The New York Times, June 14, 2020
At Madison Square Garden 25 years ago today, a
galaxy of rock ‘n’ roll, rhythm and blues, country, and folk music stars
gathered for what one of them, Neil Young, termed “The Bobfest”—a tribute to
Bob Dylan on the 30th anniversary of his recording career.