Released 50 years ago
this week, while American soldiers were still dying in Vietnam, “
Happy Xmas (War Is Over)” did not enjoy the kind of immediate success that
John Lennon
was used to. But the single from the ex-Beatle and wife Yoko Ono has since
become a staple of the holidays.
The single was so melodic
that some have decried it for sappiness. (Producer Phil Spector noted its
resemblance to The Paris Sisters’ 1961 hit “I Love How You Love Me.”)
But Lennon wanted to
leave listeners with more than the cheerful ditties that he, Paul, George and
Ringo used to send each Christmas to members of members of their fan club.
As a religious skeptic
who had caused a firestorm of controversy by claiming that the Beatles were “bigger
than Jesus,” he would not write a hymn to Christ the Redeemer. Likewise, he was
uninterested in evoking the sleigh rides or winter landscapes that had
increasingly filled the pop airwaves in the last few decades.
What he aimed for was, in
part, a challenge—another attempt, like “Give Peace a Chance,” to attempt to
rally sentiment against the Vietnam War through the power of music. His song’s
refrain, “War is over (if you want it),” put to musical use a slogan of his “Bed
in for Peace” protest with Yoko in late spring 1969.
The tune, recorded in late
October 1971, came too late in the year for it to be promoted adequately in
time for the Christmas season. (One singular exception: Lennon’s performance on
the song in a December 16 appearance on The David Frost Show.)
From the last days of the
Beatles through most of his decade as a solo artist, Lennon was engaged in a
competition with Paul McCartney. One manifestation of that rivalry can be seen
in their respective biggest Christmas hits as solo artists. Before he was
murdered in 1980, it would not have been out of character for Lennon to compare
his major solo Christmas song with McCartney’s, “Wonderful Christmastime.”
In the U.S., “Happy Xmas”
peaked at number 36 on the Cash Box Top 100 Singles and number 28 on the Record
World Singles Chart. Over in the U.K., matters were even worse, as a
publishing-rights dispute between Lennon and music publisher Northern Songs led
the song to be delayed for a year. “Wonderful Christmastime” didn’t do particularly
well, either, in the U.S., reaching only number 83 on the Cash Box Top 100
Singles chart.
But in terms of how other
artists how viewed the tunes, matters have shifted more decidedly Lennon’s way.
The Website Second Hand Songs, which tracks song covers, lists
approximately 100 interpretations of “Wonderful Christmastime” by other artists,
versus more than 2 ½ times that amount for “Happy Christmas.”
The question of other
artists’ interpretation of the song came to the forefront for me over 30 years
after its release, when Sheryl Crow sang it live as part of the televised Rockefeller
Center Christmas tree lighting in 2002. One year after the terrorist attack on
the World Trade Center, with an attack on Iraq being prepared for the following
year, Lennon’s call for collective responsibility (“Another year over/And what
have we done?”) retained its melancholy undertone.
Nearly 30 years later, it
still does, along with its appeal to universal brotherhood and the instinct for
peace that crosses so many spiritual traditions.